Speed Control as a synonym for Safety

In the woodworking industry, advanced machines such as milling machines, lathes and numerically controlled (CNC) drilling machines ensure high precision and productivity. These are machine tools whose movements are controlled by an integrated PLC. However, tool speed management and control are critical aspects of maintaining high safety standards, protecting operators, the working environment and machine integrity.

High-speed operations require the utmost accuracy in parameter setting to ensure that the tool speed is always optimal with respect to the material and machining characteristics. Excessive speed can in fact reduce efficiency, increase tool wear and pose a safety risk, while inadequate speed can compromise finish quality and slow production.

Regulatory Requirements for Safety in Woodworking Machinery.

ISO 19085-1 and 19085-3 standards establish specific requirements for the design and risk reduction measures related to the use of woodworking machinery, paying particular attention to operating speed. Here are the main normative points:

• Tool Identification – A tool recognition system must be in place to ensure the correct selection of speed and operating mode, although without the need to reach a certain Performance Level (PLr);
• Maximum Speed Control – It is required that machines be equipped with a tool speed control system that automatically limits the RPM, preventing exceeding 10% of the maximum allowable speed. This system requires a Performance Level c (PLc) to ensure operational safety;
• Automatic Monitoring and Stopping – When the tool exceeds the preset speed beyond the prescribed limits, the control system must stop motion immediately;

Additional Safety Requirements – For numerically controlled machines, the operator must confirm the maximum tool speed parameters displayed and stored in the control system. In the case of preset speeds or specific tools, such as drilling spindles, active speed control is not required.